It is unfortunate that product dimensions are not taken into account for Shopify shipping. One possible work around is to define a cubic weight, Cubic weight = H x W x L x 250 (where the dimensions are in meters) and compare it to the actual weight of the item in kilograms, and save the larger of the two for Shopify shipping calculation. This is how carriers use the dimension information to calculate rates. For example, if the cubic weight of the item is: (H) 0.8m x (W) 0.5m x (L) 0.15m x 250 = 15kg, and the actual weight is: 5kg, you will take the larger (which is 15 kg) and save it as your product weight. This way you have more accurate rates from Shopify.
Alternatively, if you have CCS activated on your store, our app JsRates can easily utilize the dimension information saved on metafields. Knowledge of JavaScript is essential to effectively utilize JsRates. If you are not familiar with JsRates, we can assist you in setting up your rates.