Here is how I resolved this.
I moved from using shipstation to provide checkout pricing to shopify to using Intuitive shipping to provide the shipping rates from shipstation to shopify.
So I could not solve the problem – but I got around the problem. Intuitive shipping worked great because it allows me to have a lot of shipping rules and it still provides the customers with the discounted UPS by shipstation rates. And I can choose what shipping choices I want to show–shipstation by itself had its own algorithm of what shipping choices it thought it should show to the customer and hid some I wanted to show—Intuitive shipping allows me to show what I want.
Hope this helps. By the way I also find using shipperhq instead of shipstation avoided the error. But shipperhq was very expensive and would not pass the discounted UPS by shipstation rates to shopify.
So my assessment of the situation is that from your recent report of the error, it does not sound like shopify has fixed this problem. But some shipping programs don’t encounter it.