Why are my Ajax calls to Shopify's GraphQL API returning null?

There’s no clarity though, the variables are still vastly different.

Massive gulf there in possible problems.

get-collections.php in the terminal is not Index.php in the browser.

Ignore the ajax ,Add logging in php , confirm the source server logic works.

Then go back to ajax, then of course rule out browser , check different browsers, devices, etc.

And inspect the network response in browser dev tools.